{"id":125,"date":"2026-04-25T21:58:16","date_gmt":"2026-04-25T18:58:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ulm.iul-nasu.org.ua\/?page_id=125"},"modified":"2026-04-30T01:02:53","modified_gmt":"2026-04-29T22:02:53","slug":"lexical-features-of-the-transcarpathian-charter","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/ulm.iul-nasu.org.ua\/en\/lexical-features-of-the-transcarpathian-charter.html","title":{"rendered":"ABOUT SOME LEXICAL FEATURES OF THE TRANSCARPATHIAN CHARTER OF 1404"},"content":{"rendered":"
Journal section:<\/strong> Research articles<\/span>
\nLanguage:<\/strong> Ukrainian<\/span>
\n\"\"<\/a><\/h5>\n

DOI:<\/strong> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.37919\/3083-6212.2024.1.128-136<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

Ruslana KOTSA<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n

Candidate of Sciences in Philology, Senior Researcher in the Department of History of the Ukrainian Language and Onomastics, Institute of the Ukrainian Language of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
\nhttps:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2074-2250<\/a>
\ne-mail: rgomonai@ukr.net<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

The charter of Voivode Balk\u2019s sons about the transfer of the land to the Hrushiv Monastery from May 1, 1404 is a unique monument of the old Ukrainian business language from Transcarpathia, which is stored in the National Archives of Hungary. Many scientists, including A.\u00a0Petrov, N.\u00a0Iorga, G.\u00a0Herovskyi, I.\u00a0Pankevych, F.\u00a0Tykhyi, K.\u00a0Halas, M.\u00a0Antoshyn and others, studied this document.<\/p>\n

The article analyzes three lexemes (\u043e\u0443\u0440\u0438\u043a<\/strong>, \u0430\u0437\u044a<\/strong>, \u0432<\/strong>\u0463<\/strong>\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043e<\/strong>), recorded in the Transcarpathian charter of 1404. Their semantics are established, stylistic and syntactic functions and peculiarities of use in the mentioned document in comparison with documents from other Ukrainian territories and neighboring offices with Transcarpathia are determined.<\/p>\n

The word \u043e\u0443\u0440\u0438\u043a<\/strong> \u2018heritage\u2019 is Hungarianism (Hungarian \u00f6r\u00f6k<\/em>). It is used in a form designed under the influence of the Romanian language and reflects the peculiarities of the Maramures Ukrainian dialects.<\/p>\n

The form of the pronoun 1 person singular \u0430\u0437\u044a<\/strong> is used in the typical initial formula of ancient Ukrainian and old Ukrainian charters \u0441\u0435 \u0430\u0437\u044a<\/em>. Wallachian offices and canonical texts also influenced its use.<\/p>\n

The scribe of the Transcarpathian charter used the expression \u0434\u0430\u0454\u043c\u043e \u0432<\/strong>\u0463<\/strong>\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043e<\/strong>. It was characteristic, though not very common, in the old Ukrainian documentation.<\/p>\n

The study of the vocabulary of ancient monuments makes it possible not only to more accurately describe the language system of a particular period, but also to determine the cultural and socio-historical conditions in which the people and their language developed.<\/p>\n

Keywords<\/strong>: lexis, semantics, old Ukrainian language, Transcarpathian charter of 1404.<\/p>\n


\n<\/strong>LEGEND<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0412\u043b.-\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0433.<\/strong> \u2014 Venelin, Yu. (Ed.). (1840). Vlacho-Bulgarian or Daco-Slavic charters collected and explained by Yuri Venelin<\/em>. Sankt-Peterburg (in Russian).
\n\u0414\u0430\u0440\u0447\u0430 \u0421.\u00a0\u0412\u0438\u043d\u0446\u0430 <\/strong>\u2014 Mykytas, V., Chuchka, P. (1968). Two Transcarpathian original monuments of the beginning of the 15th<\/sup> century. Movoznavstvo, 1<\/em>, 62\u201368 (in Ukrainian).
\n\u0414\u0413\u0410\u0410 <\/strong>\u2014 Voivode Oleksandr’s deed of gift to the Moldavian bishopric for the villages of Averovtsi and Gretskoye<\/em>. (1403). Krakiv (in Old Ukrainian).
\n\u0414\u0435\u0436\u0435<\/strong> \u2014 Dezhe, L. (1996). Rusyn business writing in the 17\u201318th<\/sup> centuries: Dictionary, analysis, texts<\/em>. Nyiregahaza (in Russian).
\n\u041d\u041f<\/strong> \u2014 Dezhe, L. (1985). Ukrainian lexicon of the middle of the 16th<\/sup> century: Nyagov’s teachings (dictionary and analysis)<\/em>. Debrecen (in Russian).
\n\u041f\u0435\u0449\u0430\u043a<\/strong> \u2014 Peshchak, M. (Ed.). (1974). Charters<\/em> of<\/em> the<\/em> 14<\/em>th<\/sup><\/em> century<\/em>. Kyiv (in Ukrainian).
\n\u0420\u043e\u0437\u043e\u0432<\/strong> \u2014 Rozov, V. (1928). Ukrainian charters<\/em>. Vol.\u00a01: 14th<\/sup> and the first part of the 15th<\/sup> centuries. Kyiv (in Ukrainian).
\n\u0420\u0443\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439<\/strong> \u2014 Rusanivskyi, V. (Ed.). (1965). Ukrainian charters of the 15th<\/sup> century<\/em>. Kyiv (in Ukrainian).
\n\u0420\u0424\u0412<\/strong> \u2014 Russian philological journal<\/em>. Vol. LXXV. Moskva (in Russian).
\n\u0421\u0414\u0420\u042f<\/strong> \u2014 Avanesov, R. (Ed.). (1989). Dictionary of the Old Russian language<\/em> (Vols. 1\u201310). Vol. 2. Moskva (in Russian).
\n\u0421\u0421\u0423\u041c<\/strong> \u2014 Humetska, L. (Ed.). (1977\u20131978). Dictionary of the Old Ukrainian language of the 14\u201315th<\/sup> centuries<\/em> (Vols. 1\u20132). Kyiv (in Ukrainian).
\n\u0423\u0434\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438<\/strong> \u2014 Udvari, I. (2005). Collection of sources for the study of Rusyn writing. II. Bishops Gabriel Blazhovsky, Manuel Olshavsky, John Bradach and their time<\/em>. Niredyhaza (in Russian).
\nAS<\/strong> \u2014 Archiwum<\/em> ksi<\/em>\u0105\u017c\u0105<\/em>t<\/em> Lubartowicz<\/em>\u00f3<\/em>w<\/em> Sanguszk<\/em>\u00f3<\/em>w<\/em> w<\/em> S<\/em>\u0142<\/em>awucie<\/em> (Vols. 1\u20132). (1887\u20131910). Lviv (in Polish).<\/p>\n


\nREFERENCES<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
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  3. Bernshtein, S.B. (1948). Researches in the field of Bulgarian historical dialectology<\/em>. V.\u00a01. The language of the Wallachian charters of the XIV\u2013XV centuries. Moskva, Leningrad (in Russian).<\/li>\n
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  12. Petrov, A. (1927). The oldest Church Slavonic charter of 1404 on the Carpathian territory: To the foundation of the Hrushev monastery of St. Archangel Michael in Maramorosh (with a photograph)<\/em>. Uzhhorod (in Russian).<\/li>\n
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    Journal section: Research articles Language: Ukrainian DOI: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.37919\/3083-6212.2024.1.128-136 Ruslana KOTSA Candidate of Sciences in Philology, Senior Researcher in the Department of History of the Ukrainian Language and Onomastics, Institute of the Ukrainian Language of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2074-2250 e-mail: rgomonai@ukr.net   The charter of Voivode Balk\u2019s sons about the transfer of […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-125","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulm.iul-nasu.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/125","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulm.iul-nasu.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulm.iul-nasu.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulm.iul-nasu.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulm.iul-nasu.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=125"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/ulm.iul-nasu.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/125\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":813,"href":"https:\/\/ulm.iul-nasu.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/125\/revisions\/813"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulm.iul-nasu.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=125"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}